性能测试构建阶段主要做哪些工作？

作者：川石学院　日期：2021-03-17 16:08:59　点击数：

设计阶段完成后，进入构建阶段，主要完成设计测试用例、开发测试脚本和确定监控模型。首先设计测试用例，本实例中设计的测试用例包括登录和订票两个功能，登录的测试用例见表 16-7。

性能测试构建阶段主要做哪些工作？(图1)

性能测试构建阶段主要做哪些工作？(图2)

接着开发测试脚本，开发登录脚本时需要注意以下几个问题：（1）当输入订票系统的地址时，客户端会向服务器端发送一个 SessionID 值，服务器端收到这个 SessionID 值后会返回一个 SessionID 值到客户端，而这个值是一个动态的值，所以在开发脚本时会进行关联。

（2）需要插入事务来获取登录所需要的时间，但需要注意的是，结束事务的状态不能直接写为自动，结束事务的状态应该由检查的结果来确定。（3）设置检查点，确定登录是否成功，即检查登录的用户是否显示正确。当检查点正确时，将结束事务的状态设置为 PASS，否则设置事备的结束状态设置为 FAIL。（4）对登录的用户名和密码进行参数化。登录的脚本代码如下：

Action() { /* Registering parameter(s) from source task id 791 // {CSRule_1_UID2} = "106229.040745241ftztVfzpciDDDDDDDcHitpQDHH" // */ //关联 web_reg_save_param("CSRule_1_UID2", "LB=userSession value=", "RB=>", "Ord=1", "RelFrameId=1.2.1", "Search=Body", LAST); web_url("WebTours", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/", "TargetFrame=", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t1.inf", "Mode=HTML", LAST); web_add_cookie("BAIDUID=EED4BF3C68FCA425464A7B08B3E6721B:FG=1; DOMAIN=passportso.baidu.com"); web_add_cookie("BDUSS=HZ3QTFxaVdJT2NaeVYzMUN4LVFHN2pkbGxSWGZ2fnJmblUybGhuOGtJOUJZRTlPQVFB QUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAApBEw8VdxMLYXJpdm5odWFuZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADgGoV0AAA AAOAahXQAAAAAcF1CAAAAAAAxMC42NS4yMkHTJ05B0ydOZ; DOMAIN=passportso.baidu.com"); web_add_cookie("USERID=379f52fe979c4447da48be6ab312; DOMAIN=passportso.baidu.com"); web_url("q", "URL=http://passportso.baidu.com/checkuser/q?t=1311397506", "TargetFrame=",

"Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t2.inf", "Mode=HTML", LAST); web_add_cookie("BAIDUID=EED4BF3C68FCA425464A7B08B3E6721B:FG=1; DOMAIN=fetch. im.baidu.com"); web_add_cookie("USERID=379f52fe979c4447da48be6ab312; DOMAIN=fetch.im.baidu.com"); web_url("ihaloader", "URL=http://fetch.im.baidu.com/ihaloader?op=msgcount&charset=gbk&callback= WebIMHistMsg&refer=toolbar&un=arivnhuang", "TargetFrame=", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=", "Snapshot=t3.inf", "Mode=HTML", LAST); lr_think_time(6); //添加检查点 web_reg_find("Search=Body", "Text=test11", "SaveCount=regno", LAST); result = web_reg_find("Search=Body", "Text=test11", LAST); web_submit_data("login.pl", "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/login.pl", "Method=POST", "TargetFrame=", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?in=home", "Snapshot=t4.inf", "Mode=HTML", ITEMDATA, "Name=userSession", "Value={CSRule_1_UID2}", ENDITEM, "Name=userName", "Value={user}", ENDITEM,"Name=Password", "Value=1", ENDITEM, "Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=on", ENDITEM, "Name=Login.x", "Value=53", ENDITEM, "Name=Login.y", "Value=13", ENDITEM, LAST); //通过检查点来判断事务是否成功 if (atoi(lr_eval_string("{regno}"))>=1) { lr_end_transaction("Login", LR_PASS); } else{ lr_end_transaction("Login", LR_FAIL); } web_url("SignOff Button", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?signOff=1", "TargetFrame=body", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home", "Snapshot=t5.inf", "Mode=HTML", LAST); return 0; } 最后开发订票脚本，此时需要注意以下几个问题：（1）对出发城市和到达城市进行参数化，出发城市和到达城市不能为同一城市。（2）选择航班时为了更真实地模拟客户的行为，选择最便宜的航班。（3）插入相关事务来获取订票的响应时间。订票的脚本代码如下：

Action() { int i; //循环次数变量 int flagno;//标识位，最贵机票是数组中的第几个值 int min;//最贵机票 char cost[20];//当前机票的价格 char flightcost[20]; char flightnocost[20]; char flightelem[30];//航班 char flightno[30]; web_concurrent_end(NULL); web_url("Search Flights Button", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=home", "Snapshot=t17.inf", "Mode=HTTP", LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("reservations.pl", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search", "Snapshot=t18.inf", "Mode=HTTP", LAST); web_url("nav.pl_3", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights", "Resource=0", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/welcome.pl?page=search", "Snapshot=t19.inf", "Mode=HTTP", LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); web_url("button_next.gif", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/button_next.gif", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/gif", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome", "Snapshot=t20.inf", LAST); web_concurrent_start(NULL); web_url("in_flights.gif", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/in_flights.gif", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/gif", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights", "Snapshot=t21.inf", LAST); web_url("home.gif", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/home.gif", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/gif", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/nav.pl?page=menu&in=flights", "Snapshot=t22.inf", LAST); web_concurrent_end(NULL); //创建机票价格的关联函数 web_reg_save_param( "WCSParam_Text1", "LB=center>$ ", "RB=</TD>", "Ord=All", "IgnoreRedirections=Yes", "Search=Body", "RelFrameId=1", LAST ); //创建航班的关联函数 web_reg_save_param( "WCSParam_Text2", "LB=outboundFlight value=", "RB=;", "Ord=All", "IgnoreRedirections=Yes", "Search=Body", "RelFrameId=1", LAST ); web_submit_data("reservations.pl_2", "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl", "Method=POST", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl?page=welcome", "Snapshot=t23.inf", "Mode=HTTP", ITEMDATA, "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM, "Name=depart", "Value=Frankfurt", ENDITEM, "Name=departDate", "Value=10/26/2011", ENDITEM, "Name=arrive", "Value=Denver", ENDITEM, "Name=returnDate", "Value=10/27/2011", ENDITEM, "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM, "Name=seatPref", "Value=None", ENDITEM, "Name=seatType", "Value=Coach", ENDITEM, "Name=.cgifields", "Value=roundtrip", ENDITEM, "Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatType", ENDITEM, "Name=.cgifields", "Value=seatPref", ENDITEM, "Name=findFlights.x", "Value=58", ENDITEM, "Name=findFlights.y", "Value=5", ENDITEM, LAST); //初始化最贵机票，将第一个航班的机票设置为初始化的最贵机票 min = atoi(lr_eval_string("{WCSParam_Text1_1}")); //初始化标识位，默认设置为 1 flagno = 1; //for 循环所有机票 for(i = 2;i <= atoi(lr_eval_string("{WCSParam_Text1_count}"));i++){ sprintf(cost,"{WCSParam_Text1_%d}",i); //比较最前航班的机票是否大于 max 的值，如果大于 max 的值，则重新对 max 赋值 if(atoi(lr_eval_string(cost)) < min){ min = atoi(lr_eval_string(cost)); lr_error_message("%d",max); flagno = i; } } sprintf(flightcost,"{WCSParam_Text1_%d}",flagno); lr_save_string(lr_eval_string(flightcost),"flightnocost"); //通过标识位来确定航班 sprintf(flightelem,"{WCSParam_Text2_%d}",flagno); lr_save_string(lr_eval_string(flightelem),"flightno"); web_submit_data("reservations.pl_3", "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl", "Method=POST", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl", "Snapshot=t24.inf", "Mode=HTTP", ITEMDATA, "Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};10/26/2011", ENDITEM, "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM, "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM, "Name=seatType", "Value=Coach", ENDITEM, "Name=seatPref", "Value=None", ENDITEM, "Name=reserveFlights.x", "Value=57", ENDITEM, "Name=reserveFlights.y", "Value=13", ENDITEM, LAST); web_submit_data("reservations.pl_4", "Action=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl", "Method=POST", "RecContentType=text/html", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl", "Snapshot=t25.inf", "Mode=HTTP", ITEMDATA, "Name=firstName", "Value=test", ENDITEM, "Name=lastName", "Value=test", ENDITEM, "Name=address1", "Value=", ENDITEM, "Name=address2", "Value=", ENDITEM, "Name=pass1", "Value=test test", ENDITEM, "Name=creditCard", "Value=", ENDITEM, "Name=expDate", "Value=", ENDITEM, "Name=oldCCOption", "Value=", ENDITEM, "Name=numPassengers", "Value=1", ENDITEM, "Name=seatType", "Value=Coach", ENDITEM, "Name=seatPref", "Value=None", ENDITEM, "Name=outboundFlight", "Value={flightno};{flightnocost};10/26/2011", ENDITEM, "Name=advanceDiscount", "Value=0", ENDITEM, "Name=returnFlight", "Value=", ENDITEM, "Name=JSFormSubmit", "Value=off", ENDITEM, "Name=.cgifields", "Value=saveCC", ENDITEM, "Name=buyFlights.x", "Value=41", ENDITEM, "Name=buyFlights.y", "Value=17", ENDITEM, LAST); web_url("bookanother.gif", "URL=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/images/bookanother.gif", "Resource=1", "RecContentType=image/gif", "Referer=http://127.0.0.1:1080/WebTours/reservations.pl", "Snapshot=t26.inf", LAST); return 0; }最后确定监控模型，即在测试过程中需要监控哪些信息，本实例的监控模型见表 16-9。

性能测试构建阶段主要做哪些工作？(图3)